Umayyad Caliphate


 * First great worldwide Islamic empire
 * Successor to caliphs who were successors to Muhammad
 * They establish a dynasty
 * Also established the capitol outside, in Damascus.
 * In Damascus, you can find Christianity, Judaism, and Islam coexisting in fairly tolerant terms.
 * Didn't impose Islam faith, but the Umayyads forced one to pay a tax.

=Spread of Islam During the Umayyad Caliphate=
 * Established garrisons of Islamic soldiers on the borders, which eventually become towns.
 * This attracts non-Muslims to there, and after interacting with people all the time, people become Muslim.
 * Then, people would learn Arabic, and also learn Islamic ideals (which they liked).
 * Arabic replaces ancient tongues of Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamia, Egypt and North Africa, but doesn't replace Persian and Latin.
 * Arabic becomes main tongue of everyone outside of Arabian Peninsula.